Discuss the composition, classification and application of digital numerical control machine tools

2022-06-25 09:05

In terms of composition, CNC machine tools are mainly divided into three parts: the main body of the machine tool, the transmission system and the CNC system.

Machine body

The main body of the machine tool is the main component of the machine tool, as well as the hardware of the machine tool. It is an important mechanical accessory part of the machine tool, and it is also the part that is easiest to see with the naked eye, including the machine bed and base castings, spindles and gearboxes, guide rails and slides, Lubrication, chip removal and cooling.

Transmission system

The transmission system is an important "context" of the CNC machine tool, which leads the orderly progress of all parts of the machine tool and completes the work mission of the machine tool. It includes tools, transmission machinery and auxiliary power systems. (1) As far as the tool part is concerned, it includes protection device, tool magazine and tool changer; (2) As the second largest component of the transmission system - the transmission machinery includes three parts: ball screw, linear guide and worm pair; ( 3) The auxiliary power system includes two parts, the hydraulic system and the starting system, which are the power of the CNC machine tool.

CNC system

The CNC system can be said to be the soul of CNC machine tools, and also the most perceptual part of the entire machine tool. It is the essence of the machine tool to complete various functions and operations. The numerical control system is basically divided into two categories, (1) drive device, which includes high-speed spindle, torque motor, linear motor, ordinary motor and stepper motor;

(2) Control and detection device, including CNC system, programmable controller, feed servo control module, position detection module, etc.

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